Inhibitory synaptic transmissions to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis neurons projecting to the ventral tegmental area are enhanced in rats exposed to chronic mild stress

Abstract The comorbidities of depression and chronic pain have long been recognized in the clinic, and several preclinical studies have demonstrated depression-like behaviors in animal models of chronic pain.These findings suggest a common neuronal basis for depression and chronic pain.Recently, we reported that the mesolimbic dopaminergic system w

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Creating a communist Yugoslavia in the Second World War

The Second World War involved the conflict of three different ideologies - democracy, fascism and communism - an aspect in which it was different from the Great War.This ideological triangle led to various shifts in the positions, views, and alliances of each of the warring parties.Yugoslavia with its historical legacy could not avoid being torn by

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Atrial fibrillation detection in outpatient electrocardiogram monitoring: An algorithmic crowdsourcing approach.

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AFib) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia associated with stroke, blood clots, read more heart failure, coronary artery disease, and/or death.Multiple methods have been proposed for AFib detection, with varying performances, but no single approach appears to be optimal.We hypothesized that each state-of-the-art algo

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